Category: Refrigerants used in chillers

Carrier water chiller offers a wide range of models, with different capacities, and sustainable refrigerant options. Carrier is the oldest manufacturer of water chillers.

Chillers Carrier Air Cooled Condenser:

AquaSnap 30RAP Carrier: It is a chiller scroll compressor, which works with R-410A refrigerant, for capacity values ​​between 10 and 140 tons of refrigeration.

Model	Capacity refrigeration ton
30RAP010	10
30RAP015	14
30RAP018	16
30RAP020	19
30RAP025	24
30RAP030	28
30RAP035	34
30RAP040	39
30RAP045	43
30RAP050	48
30RAP055	52
30RAP060	56
30RAP070	69
30RAP080	77
30RAP090	85
30RAP100	99
30RAP115	112
30RAP130	126
30RAP150	140

• All 30RAP series chillers contain scroll compressors.
• They have from one to six compressors.
• Size 010-030 units are single cooling circuits.
• Size 035-150 units are dual circuits.
• The compressor in an R-410A refrigerant system uses a polyol ester (POE) oil.

Model Chiller	011	016	018	020	025
N. Compressor	2	2	2	2	2
Compressor Ton	6/4	9/6	9	10	13
N. Circuits	1	1	1	1	1

Model	011	016	018	020	025
Chiller standard	3	3	2	2	2
By Pass Hot Gas	—	—	3	3	3
Compressor Digital	21	21	22	22	22

Model	030	035	040	045	050	055	060
N Compressor	2	4	4	4	4	4	4
Compressor Ton	(2) 15	(2) 10 (2) 9	(2) 10 (2) 11	(2) 11 (2) 13	(2) 13 (2) 13	(2) 13 (29 15	(2) 15 (2) 15
N. Circuits	1	2	2	2	2	2	2

Model	070	080	090	100	115	130	150
N. Compressor	5	6	6	5	6	6	6
Compressor Ton-Ref	(2)15 (3)15	(3) 13 (3) 15	(3) 15 (3) 15	(1) 20(1) 25 (3) 20	(3) 20 (3) 20	(3) 20 (3) 25	(3) 25 (3) 25
N. Circuits	2	2	2	2	2	2	2

AquSnap 30RB Carrier: It is a series of chillers with a scroll compressor that works with R-410A refrigerant, for a capacity range between 60 and 390 tons of refrigeration

RAB	Ton	kW	Comp kW	FAN kW	Total EER†	Total COP	Partial EER†	Partial COP
60	57.1	200.6	60.3	10.3	9.7	2.8	13.1	3.8
70	66.2	232.8	70.1	10.3	9.9	2.9	13.4	3.9
80	76.0	267.3	83.1	10.3	9.8	2.9	14.3	4.2
90	86.6	304.6	85.2	15.5	10.3	3.0	13.7	4.0
100	92.8	326.5	94.1	15.5	10.2	3.0	13.5	4.0
110	106.0	372.8	110.2	15.5	10.1	3.0	13.9	4.1
120	118.0	415.0	119.7	18.1	10.3	3.0	13.8	4.0
130	127.4	448.1	129.6	20.6	10.2	3.0	13.8	4.0
150	140.0	492.4	145.9	20.6	10.1	3.0	13.6	4.0
160	152.8	537.5	151.7	25.8	10.3	3.0	13.6	4.0
170	164.1	576.9	168.0	25.8	10.2	3.0	13.6	4.0
190	186.1	654.7	188.8	31.0	10.2	3.0	13.4	3.9
210	195.4	687.3	208.3	31.0	9.8	2.9	13.3	3.9
225	206.2	725.0	222.2	31.0	9.8	2.9	13.4	3.9
250	227.6	800.3	243.2	36.1	9.8	2.9	13.4	3.9
275	250.5	881.0	263.9	41.3	9.8	2.9	13.3	3.9
300	271.8	955.8	283.9	46.5	9.9	2.9	13.2	3.9
315	305.7	1075.1	303.4	51.6	10.3	3.0	13.6	4.0
330	316.9	1114.5	319.7	51.6	10.2	3.0	13.6	4.0
345	328.1	1153.9	336.0	51.6	10.2	3.0	13.6	4.0
360	350.2	1231.6	356.7	56.8	10.2	3.0	13.4	4.0
390	372.3	1309.3	377.5	61.9	10.2	3.0	13.4	3.9

Model	060	070	080	090	100	110	120	130	150
Compressors	3	3	4	4	4	5	5	6	6
Circuit Capacity	67/33	71	50	56	50	45	40	56	50

AquaForce 30XA Carrier: It is a series of chillers with a screw compressor, which works with R-134a refrigerant, for a range of capacities between 80 and 500 tons of refrigeration.

• It works with a screw compressor.
• The screw compressor is semi-hermetic with a double rotor.
• All models have two screw compressors.
• Operates with refrigerant r134a.
• The standard chiller regulates capacity in 15% steps.
• Larger models regulate capacity in steps averaging 12%.
• The ComfortLink microprocessor controls the operation of the overall unit and several processes simultaneously.
• The processes ComfortLink controls include internal timers, readout inputs, analog-to-digital conversions, fan control, display, diagnostic control, output relay control, demand limit, capacity control, main pressure control, and temperature reset.
• Performs control of individual external pumps (when configured).
• The first compressor starts 1 to 3 minutes after the cooling call.
• The ComfortLink microprocessor controls chiller capacity by varying the number of compressors and each load capacity to meet actual dynamic load conditions.

La serie Chiller Carrier 30XA ofrece un rango de potencias de enfriamiento que podemos resumir en la siguiente tabla:

Model	Ton	KW	100% EER	100% COP	IPLV EER	IPLV COP	GPM	L/S
80	75.6	265.9	9.9	2.9	14.2	4.2	181.3	11.4
90	84.8	298.2	10.7	3.1	14.6	4.3	203.4	12.8
100	93.9	330.2	10.5	3.1	15.0	4.4	225.4	14.2
110	102.4	360.1	10.4	3.0	15.2	4.4	245.8	15.5
120	110.7	389.3	10.3	3.0	15.2	4.4	265.7	16.8
140	132.8	467.0	10.7	3.1	14.4	4.2	318.8	20.1
160	152.3	535.6	10.6	3.1	14.8	4.3	365.5	23.1
180	171.3	602.4	10.7	3.1	14.3	4.2	411.1	25.9
200	194.0	682.3	10.7	3.1	14.8	4.3	465.6	29.4
220	211.7	744.5	10.6	3.1	14.5	4.2	508.0	32.0
240	228.1	802.2	10.4	3.0	14.8	4.3	547.5	34.5
260	250.9	882.4	10.7	3.1	14.3	4.2	602.2	38.0
280	268.5	944.3	10.7	3.1	14.3	4.2	644.3	40.6
300	287.5	1011.1	10.6	3.1	14.9	4.4	690.0	43.5
325	306.6	1078.3	10.6	3.1	14.3	4.2	735.9	46.4
350	324.1	1139.8	10.4	3.0	14.4	4.2	777.7	49.1
400	383.6	1349.1	10.2	3.0	14.8	4.3	920.7	58.1
401	396.3	1393.9	10.2	3.0	13.4	3.9	951.2	59.8
450	426.7	1500.6	10.1	2.9	14.1	4.1	1024.1	64.6
451	435.6	1532.2	10.4	3.0	13.6	4.0	1045.5	65.7
476	459.2	1615.0	9.9	2.9	14.0	4.1	1102.0	69.3
500	458.0	1610.7	10.0	2.9	14.3	4.2	1099.2	69.3
501	494.1	1737.8	10.2	3.0	13.8	4.1	1185.8	74.6

AquaForce 30XV Carrier: It is a series of chillers with variable speed screw compressor, which works with R-134a refrigerant, for a range of capacities between 490 and 1755 Tons Refrigeration.

Chiller Carrier with Water Cooled Condenser:

AquaEdge 17DA Carrier: It is a chiller with a centrifugal compressor that works with R-134a refrigerant, for a range of capacities between 3000 and 5500 tons of refrigeration.

AquaEdge 19DV Carrier: It is a chiller with a centrifugal compressor, which works with R-1233 ZD (E) refrigerant, for a range of capacities between 350 and 800 tons of refrigeration.

AquaEdge 19XR Carrier: It is a chiller with a semi-hermetic centrifugal compressor, which works with R-134a, for a capacity between 200 and 3400 Tons of refrigeration.

AquaEdge 23XRV Carrier: It is a variable speed screw compressor chiller that works with R-134a for capacities between 175 and 550 Tons of refrigeration.

AquaForce 30HX Carrier: It is a chiller with a screw compressor that works with R-134a refrigerant for capacities between 75 and 265 Tons of refrigeration.

AquaSnap 30MP Carrier: It is a chiller with a Scroll compressor, which works with R-410A for capacities between 16 and 71 Tons of Refrigeration.

AquaForce 30XW Carrier: It is a chiller with a screw compressor, which works with R-134a for capacities between 150 and 400 Tons of refrigeration.

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

Chiller Training Courses

R1234yf Refrigerant has high thermal and chemical stability, low toxicity and is slightly flammable, as well as having a excellent compatibility with most materials. Its safety classification is A2L group L2.

The most common application of R1234yf is in automotive air conditioning, serving as a replacement specifically for the R134a refrigerant in new vehicles.

Manometric Pressures of R1234yf:

°C	°F	Pressures
-18°C	-0,4°F	0,63 barg	9,26 psig	63,6 KPa
-14°C	6,8°F	0,91 barg	13,38 psig	91,9 KPa
-10°C	14°F	1,22 barg	17,93 psig	123,2 KPa
-6°C	21,2°F	1,56 barg	22,93 psig	157,6 KPa
-2°C	28,4°F	1,95 barg	28,67 psig	197,0 KPa
2°C	35,6°F	2,38 barg	34,99 psig	240,4 KPa
6°C	42,8°F	2,84 barg	41,75 psig	286,8 KPa
10°C	50°F	3,38 barg	49,69 psig	341,4 KPa
14°C	57,2°F	3,95 barg	58,07 psig	399,0 KPa
18°C	64,4°F	4,58 barg	67,33 psig	462,6 KPa
22°C	71,6°F	5,27 barg	77,47 psig	532,3 KPa
26°C	78,8°F	6,02 barg	88,49 psig	608,0 KPa
30°C	86°F	6,84 barg	100,55 psig	690,8 KPa
34°C	93,2°F	7,72 barg	113,48 psig	779,7 KPa
38°C	100,4°F	8,68 barg	127,60 psig	876,7 KPa
42°C	107,6°F	9,71 barg	142,74 psig	980,7 KPa
46°C	114,8°F	10,82 barg	159,05 psig	1092,8 KPa

What should you know about in Chillers?

The Chiller R-1234yf is a replacement alternative for current chillers that work with R134a.

• The miscibility of HFO-1234yf with POE oils is comparable to that of HFC-134a over the target operating range.
• HFO-1234yf is not miscible with mineral oil or alkylbenzene lubricants.
• The interactions of HFO-1234yf with common classes of lubricants are, in general, similar to HFC-134a.
• Thermal stability and compatibility with chiller construction materials.
• The stability of HFO-1234yf was examined in the presence of materials that I probably find in practical use according to the sealed tube test methodology

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

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• R1224yd is a refrigerant designed for use in centrifugal chillers, binary cycle generators and waste heat recovery heat pumps, blowing agent, spray solvent and cleaning solvent, with low impact on the environment. R1224yd Is ideal replacement for equipment working with R245fa.

What should you know about the R1224yd (Z) in chillers?

• In October 2017, the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) granted the AGC company the certification for AMOLEA R1224yd.
• ASHRAE certification of R1224yd is expected to accelerate its adoption in a wide range of equipment around the world.
• It has a very short atmospheric lifetime and therefore a very low GWP value.
• Its ODP is almost zero and it possesses the excellent stability required for refrigerants.
• R1224yd (Z) refrigerant is a unique substance, which allows partial refrigerant recharge even if refrigerant leaks.
• R1224yd (Z) refrigerant has high stability, therefore there is no change in performance and it does not cause problems such as corrosion after prolonged use.
• The R1224yd (Z) refrigerant has high efficiency, provides high cycle efficiency, and indirectly contributes to a lower environmental impact through the reduction of electricity consumption.
• Companies such as EBARA Refrigeration Equipment & Systems have adopted R1224yd (Z) refrigerant for their RTBA model centrifugal chillers.
• Through a retrofit service, R1224yd (Z) refrigerant can be used in existing centrifugal chillers that are installed.
• When retrofitting chillers using R245fa refrigerant is required, R1224yd (Z) refrigerant requires some minor parts of the chiller to be replaced.
• Since R1224yd (Z) refrigerant is non-flammable and has low toxicity, good safety and reliability can be maintained.
• R1224yd (Z) refrigerant is exempt from the Fluorocarbon Emissions Control Act.
• R1224yd (Z) refrigerant is easy to handle and has low pressure. R1224yd (Z) refrigerant has the same performance (COP) and cooling capacity as R245fa.
• Since R1224yd (Z) refrigerant is non-flammable and low in toxicity, the same safety and reliability as before can be maintained.
• Although the effects of R1224yd on elastomers are equivalent to or less than those of R123 and equivalent to those of R245fa, degradation due to elution may occur in some materials..
• Remember that plastics and elastomers can exhibit different properties depending on the mix ratio, types and amounts of additives used, and processing conditions.
• Can be adapted for the equipment used for HFC-245fa and HCFO-1233zd(E) without changing the design.
• The Tokyo National Stadium, the main venue for the last Olympic Games, uses R1224yd for air conditioning with an RTBA turbocooler, manufactured by Ebara Refrigeration.

Table Pression and Temperature R1224yd (Z):

Temperature Saturation R1224yd °C	Presión R1224yd KPa
-30	12.46
-28	13.97
-26	15.61
-24	17.41
-22	19.39
-20	21.54
-18	23.88
-16	26.42
-14	29.19
-12	32.18
-10	35.42
-8	38.91
-6	42.68
-4	46.74
-2	51.10
0	55.78
2	60.79
6	66.17
8	71.91
10	84.58

Mollier Diagram R1224yd (Z)

• Chemical and physical properties similar to HFC-245fa
• Good compatibility with plastics and elastomers
• Low thermal conductivity
• GWP under 1
• Zero-ODP
• Low-toxicity
• Non-flammable

R1224yd Refrigerant General Applications:

• Blowing agen.
• Aerosol solvent.
• Solvent.
• Centrifugal Chiller.
• Organic Rankine Cycle.
• High-temperature heat pumps.

Lubricants used with R1224yd:

• The R1224yd is mutually soluble with refrigerantion oils, such as P O E, that are used with H F C refrigerants, and also with naphthenic oils that are used with H C F C
• The solubility in synthetic oil of HFO-based refrigerants such as R1224yd (Z), is higher than that of HFC refrigerants. R1224yd (Z) refrigerant dissolves with both synthetic oil and mineral oil.

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The Chiller R-32 offer approximately 5 to 8% greater capacity, compared to systems that work with R410a.

What should be known about the use of R-32 as a replacement for R-410A in Chillers?

• R32 has better efficiency and around 10% more capacity than R410A, depending on the application and system design.
• In a new application, R32 stands out as the most efficient and best performing alternative to R410A.
• The charge of R32 is about 20% less, compared to R410A. R32 is a relatively inexpensive single component refrigerant, which means it is easier to recycle.
• Due to the high discharge temperatures of R-32, the operating range of Chillers with R32 is limited.
• For operation in ambient temperature conditions greater than 45 ° C the best options are R452b or R454b.
• Manufacturers have selected R-32 for their scroll-type chillers, due to its lower impact on the environment.
• Compared to R410A, the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) is said to improve by 10%.
• Thanks to its lower A2L flammability rating, the R32 can be safely used in chilled water systems.
• Although R454B is preferred by many as its direct replacement for R410A, R32 has the advantage of being a non-proprietary one-component gas, has no slip, and has price and availability advantages over its rival.
• R-32 refrigerant is made up of a single component, it is easier to handle and recover than other alternatives such as R454B or R452B.
• Also, since the R32 is slip-free, it is not necessary to vacuum the system before each charge.
• With the R454B and R452B there is the possibility that a disproportionate amount of a component could escape in the event of a leak.
• R32 is likely to remain cheaper than R454B and R452B.
• As there is no patent on R32, access and availability is guaranteed through many refrigerant suppliers.
• Regarding efficiency, calculations and compressor manufacturers show higher efficiency ratings for R32 than for R454B.
• R32 with its GWP of 675 has a significantly higher GWP than R454B (GWP 466), however the lower amount of R32 refrigerant used should be considered.
• The process of changing from R410A to R32 in a chiller requires various components and configurations to be adjusted, including the expansion valve, liquid line tubing, suction line, and discharge line.
• In the process of changing from R410A to R32 in a chiller, it may present an oversized compressor and it may be necessary to change it.
• Currently, R32, R452B, R454B is considered in Chillers with scroll compressor as short-term replacement, and in the longer term to R1234ze, R515B, R516A.

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

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R1336mzz-Z is a non-flammable azeotropic refrigerant gas substitute for HCFC-123 gas in chillers with a centrifugal compressor.

The R1336mzz-Z has a GWP of 7 under AR4, and also offers similar efficiency, although it has a 21% lower volumetric cooling capacity.

Characteristics of R1336mzz-Z

• R1336mzz-Z is the main component of R-514A, a non-flammable azeotropic substitute for HCFC-123 in centrifugal chillers.
• The critical temperature, critical density and critical pressure were 403.37 ± 0.03 K, 515.3 ± 5.0 kg m⁻³ and 2766.4 ± 4.5 kPa, respectively.
• Chillers that work as heat pumps, they offer higher heating temperatures of more than 150 ° C, and greater energy efficiency than traditional fluids.
• R-1336mzz (Z) has high chemical stability, despite the unsaturated chemical bond in its molecular structure.
• R1336mzz-Z is characterized by its non-flammability and a favorable toxicity profile.
• HFO-1336mzz (E) is a non-flammable, low global warming potential (GWP) working fluid that does not deplete the ozone layer.
• As R1336mzz-Z with a GWP of only 2, it can potentially be used as a working fluid for high temperature heat pump applications, for this temperature range it is also an alternative to HFC-245fa and HCFC-123 refrigerants .

Where to learn all about chillers?

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The Chiller R-1234ze(E) is the most efficient alternative to chillers that work with R-134a. R1234ze (E) is one of the most promising HFO options in chillers, with a GWP of 4 and lower flammability than R1234yf.

What should you know about R-1234ze(E) in chillers?

• R1234ze (E) is commonly a component of new low GWP blends.
• The flammability of R1234ze (E) is not critical in heat pump systems in normal operation, and in low humidity it becomes non-flammable.
• The heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator with R1234ze (E) obtained in different geometries appears to be similar to the transfer coefficient of R134a.
• The heat transfer coefficient in the condenser with R1234ze (E) is 10% lower compared to R134a.
• R1234ze (E) pressure drops are always higher compared to R134a and should be considered in Exchanger Optimization.
• If R1234ze (E) is used in R134a systems, some modifications must be made to maintain energy efficiency.
• The use of R1234ze (E) in heat pumps works well, however in this case, its isomer, R1234ze (Z) is more recommended.
• HFO / HFC blends are the HFC replacements requiring the fewest system changes of all the low GWP alternatives.
• Currently, blends of R1234ze (E) are used to replace R134a, R404A and R410A in chillers.
• These mixtures have good energy efficiency and adaptation to existing legislation.

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

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The Chiller R-514A is offered as an option for some new centrifugal chillers and replacement for existing chillers.

R-514A is a mixture composed of 74.7% of R-1336mzz (Z) and 25.3% of R-1130 (E)).

What should you know about R-514A in chillers?

• The chemical stability of R-514A and R-1233zd (E) refrigerants has been shown to be better than R-123, and both refrigerants have been qualified for application in a range of centrifugal compressor-based chillers.
• The R514A is an upgrade alternative to the R-123, although the cooler will have to undergo some modifications.
• R-514A is a compatible design replacement for R-123 in both engineering modification applications and new production.
• Although not flammable, R514A is slightly toxic. Like R-123, R-514A has an ASHRAE B designation due to its increased toxicity

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

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The Chiller R-450A is a replacement alternative to R-134a in industrial chillers and for room conditioning.

What should you know about R-450A in chillers?

• R-450A is a quasi-azeotropic blend of the hydrofluorolefin (HFO) family to replace R-134a in refrigeration and heat pump applications.
• It is made up of 42% R134a and 58% R1234ze (E), it is not flammable, it has a zero ODP and a GWP of approximately 601.
• Its performance capabilities are slightly lower than R-134a. R-450A is safe, non-flammable with low slip values.
• The R134a retrofit does not require the replacement of any system component, lubricant, or seal.
• R-450A combines HFC and HFO components resulting in a lower GWP than other HFC products.
• When modernizing the R134a equipment, a possible reduction in capacity will result in longer run times.
• Use a polyol ester oil (POE).

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

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The CO2 Chiller System is a very attractive ecological alternative, which today can be used anywhere in the world.

How does the Chiller work with CO2? Subcritical?

The critical point It is the maximum value of temperature, where CO2 can change state, for example from gaseous to liquid phase.

A Subcritical cycle is one that in any state always works below the critical point.

The CO2 cycle is used within a facility with two cascade systems.

The CO2 circuit works at a low temperature and is responsible for cooling the liquid, and another cycle is used to achieve condensation of the CO2 Cycle.

The CO2 in the chiller is always below the critical point.

Transcritical CO2 Cycle Chiller:

The fundamental idea of ​​is the use only of CO2 in the entire installation, so as not to have problems with environmental regulations.

Features of the CO2 Chiller:

• The CO2 chiller works with very high pressures.
• The application of the CO2 chiller has a great future when we think about the environment.
• The Glycol Transcritical CO2 Chiller offers high efficiency and reliability for low temperature cooling.
• As the temperatures reached at the compressor discharge of a CO2 chiller are high, heat recovery can be used for other applications. With heat recovery, in CO2 chillers, water temperatures for other processes of up to 75 ° C can easily be reached.
• The CO2 Chiller is perfectly suited to a wide range of glycol supply temperatures, ranging from -30 ° C to + 12 ° C.
• The transcritical CO2 chiller is used with a flooded evaporator to cool CaCl2, ammonia-water and other industrial brines.
• There are liquid ammonia / carbon dioxide (CO2) chillers, designed for installations that require cold storage or freezer.
• The use of ammonia / CO2 chillers reduces the ammonia load by up to 90% compared to ammonia-only systems.
• Due to the high pressure value, they increase the leakage potential in the chiller with co2.
• The CO2 chiller uses specially designed components.
• Chiller compressors that work with CO2 are special due to their greater cooling capacity.
• The costs of chillers with CO2 and installation are higher either in cascade or transcritical.
• Chiller tubing that works with CO2 includes steel or stainless steel.
• Usually in CO2 chillers, stainless steel pipes are used for all cold pipes.
• Mild steel pipes are used for discharge or hot pipes.
• The components of the CO2 chiller have different joining techniques, due to higher pressure values ​​and different materials.
• Two-stage compression is required for transcritical chillers.
• Inter-stage cooling is essential in very low temperature applications, due to the high discharge temperature of R744.
• Chillers with CO2 need a purity of R744 close to 99.99%
• The wall thickness of tubes and exchangers needs to be increased to handle the higher pressures.
• CO2 refrigerant offers greater cooling capacity than most synthetic refrigerants.
• CO2 chiller needs fewer grams of refrigerant to cool the same amount of water.
• CO2 has low pressure drops, in pipes and heat exchangers favoring C O P.
• The CO2 Chiller has high heat transfer in evaporators and condensers due to the high pressure and density of the refrigerant. Although a CO2 chiller handles very high pressures, the compression ratios are lower.
• CO2 is not corrosive to most materials.
• CO2 chiller with oil has good miscibility with the lubricant.
• Polyol ester lubricants can continue to be used.
• Low toxicity and non-flammable.
• A Refrigerant Charge from a CO2 chiller is cheap.
• The CO2 molecule is stable, which leads to a low potential for decomposition within the refrigeration system.
• They are modern, fully automated equipment.
• Investing in a CO2 chiller eliminates future environmental risk and safety restrictions.
• Financial savings are substantial and generated over the life of the equipment.
• Significant reduction in greenhouse gases. Precise temperature control.
• They are highly reliable systems. Very low maintenance cost.
• Almost total elimination of the risk of ignition and toxicology, which can occur with other refrigerants in another process.
• Many of these machines are currently manufactured to run without oil to maximize efficiency.
• These equipments have less volume, occupying less space in the machine room.
• They have minimal noise levels.
• As they are modern equipment, the use of scroll compressors with a fixed capacity, or with a highly efficient inverter variator, is common.
• Electronic expansion valves help this equipment meet the latest energy requirements.
• Intermediate discharge valves, built into scroll compressors in many of this equipment, and variable speed fans improve efficiency, at part load values.
• CO2 is classified as an A1 refrigerant under ASHRAE Standard 34, which means it is non-toxic and non-flammable.
• A large confined space leak can displace oxygen for breathing. In the presence of atmospheric pressure, CO2 can change to a solid phase, it can occur when opening an overpressure relief valve, for example, the R744 outlet can be blocked by itself.

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

Chiller Training Courses

The Chiller R-1233zd(E) is an alternative to newer low pressure centrifugal chillers, although it is not an upgrade alternative to existing R-123 chillers.

R-1233zd (E) is a single component refrigerant that has low toxicity, is non-flammable, and also has a low GWP.

What should you know about R-1233zd (E) in chillers?

• Interestingly, 1233zd (E) is itself an HCFC, so it contains chlorine that depletes the ozone layer, but falls outside the Montreal Protocol phase-out of these gases.
• HFO R1233zd (E), a non-toxic and non-flammable alternative, has already been accepted as a suitable replacement for adoption in new equipment.
• The efficiency levels of R1233zd (E) are slightly better than HCFC-123 when used in centrifugal chillers.
• R1233zd (E) is a non-flammable refrigerant and has a GWP of only 1. Trane was the first to adopt R1233zd (E) as a new gas in a range of CenTraVac chillers introduced in 2014.
• The Channel Tunnel, 50.5 km long, consists of three tunnels. The tunnels should cool down due to the heat generated by the trains The system was upgraded with four new chillers with, R1233zd (E), each with 2,000 tons of cooling capacity.
• These centrifugal chillers were among the first to be designed for use with R1233zd (AND).

Where to learn all about chillers?

We have prepared a complete training in chilled water installations with chillers.

Chiller Training Courses